Hair curling



F. M. L rr'rLE HAIR CURLING APPLIANCE Aug. 2s, 192s.

Filed July 14. 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 :i5-*corresponding to Figure 2 andshowing the Patented Aug. 28, 1928.

UNITED VsTiiiTEs FRACIS M. LITTLE, OF YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO.vr

mim-cunnine APPLIANCE.

Application led July 141927. Serial No. 205,652.

My invention relates to hair curling appliances and more particularly tothose of the marcelling or permanent waving type.

Briefly'stated, the primary object of the n invention is to provide amarcelling or permanent waving appliance employing steam or theequivalent las the heating factor'.

Another object of the inventionis to furnish a marcelling appliancewhich employs steam or Vother fluid as the. heating factor and whichincludesia very simple, compact and easily assembled combination ofelements for conducting the heated fluid to the hair engaging members,the hair engaging members being separable.

A'still further object of the invention resides in the provision of afluid heated device of this kind wherein the hair engaging elements aresupplied with fluid from a Isinglev source. n n

Another object of the invention is to provide a fluid heated device ofthe character specified which enables new waves to be put kin the hairwithout disturbing such waves or curls as have been previously made andwhereby it is possible to obviate necessity of rewaving tlie entirestrand of hair when all that' is necessary to do is to wave the portionof the strand which has grown out from the scalp since the last wave wasput in.

The foregoing and other objects of the invention are attained by meansof a novel combin ation an d arrangement of parts to be hereinafterdescribed and claimed. However for a better understanding of theinvention reference should be vhad to the accompanying drawings forminga part of this specification and which illustrates what is nowconsidered to. be a preferred embodiment of the inven-A 4 tion. lt is tobe understood, o f course, that the invention is capablevof other.mechanical expressions wherein the spirit and scope of the subjectmatter claimed. Y i

Iii thedrawings, wherein the same reference characters*designatethe'same partsin all views.

y vI `igure 1 is a side elevation vof an appliance constructed inaccordance with my invention; Figure 2 is a side elevational view partlybroken and partly insection,the same be` ing taken at right angles toFigure l., and

showing the parts in the positionwhich they assume when the deviceis inuse;

Figure 3 is a. longitudinal. sectional view hair engaging elementsseparated Vfor the insertion of a strand of hair, the casing clos-v urebeing open for this purpose; l

Figure 4 is a cross sectional view taken on the line lf-4 of Figure 2;

Figure 5 is a. cross sectional view taken on the line 5-5 of Figure 2;

Figure 6 is a top plan view of a portion-of L the .device,-the saddle,so called,the same being partly broken and partly in section to show thearrangement of ducts forcenducting the fiuid yto theV upper vhairengaging- Y element;

Figure 7 is a bottom ment shown in Figure Y6 and showing the means forsecuring the lower' hair engaging element to the saddle,this viewillustrating Y also the means for conductingzi; thefluid from i thesaddle to the lower hair engaging element Figure 8 is a groupperspectiveviewfof the V saddle and associated elements for mounting andmanipulating the hair engaging elements,-whch latter is shown infragmentary forni in this view; and,

Figure 9 is a detail perspective view, partly broken, of the yoke memberwhich is conplan view of the ele- I' inL trolled by one of the handleelements for separating one of the hair engaging blades or elements fromthe other; Y l y' n Referring specifically to the drawings andparticularly tov Figures 2' and 3,-t-he device is seen to comprehend abarrel-like member 1 having a chamber 2 open at one end and rey ceivinga closure 3. The'pipe- 4 which re! ceives the steam or other fluid froma suitable source of supply extends through a medial hole in the closureBand has its opposite ends threaded, as at 4a, to extend ythrough theinner end of the barrel l and beyond the outer1 face thereof to take. inthe internal threads hair gripping element 5 which cylindrical chamber5a. Pipe 4 is shown. as having VaL shoulder 4b bearing against thevinner -fac'e of the barrel end and it is clear from the showing in thedrawing that the pipe 4' serves '95 of the cylindrical end of the loweror fixed Y end portion provides the steam distributing the Vfunction ofholding the lower hair grip ping member 5 in assembled relationship withthebarrell. l y It is alsoI noted from the drawings that the lower hairengaging member 5 has a' longitudinal passage 5b through whichsteam'flows from the' distributing'cliamber 5, as shown in Figure 7. Theend of the passage 5b is closed, butbeginningat ay point outwardly ofthe.. cylindrical portion the'ha-ir engaging member 5 has a` number ofports communicating therefrom whereby the steam can pass to contact withthe hair at either `side these ports being designated at 5. The shape otthe lower hair engaging element 5' will be best understood from Figure8, wherein the portion outwardly ot the chamber-ed end 5 is trouglblikein contour and to reduced cross section toward the edge opposite thatthrough which the passage 5 cxtends. Figure 8 is believed to clearlylillus- --rtrate how the steam passes `from the passage 5b, to the.ports 5c. Y

Mounted upon the chambered end 5 ot the lower hair lerigaging member 5is the saddlelike member 6,. the central longitudinal bore 36a of whichreceives the cylindrical end portion of the member 5 with a snug tit.However,' in order' to secure the saddle in place Iemploy the screw 6"which extends through the bottom of the saddle and into the wall ot -;the cylindrical end of member This screw 6b is to ettectually hold thesaddle in` place f and to prevent it from rotating.

`The saddle G hastwo main tunctionsf'e namelyto -pivotally mount theupper haiiven- -gaging member,-and secondly to serre as -gcommunicatefrom thesteam distributing chamber 5 inwardlyot' the end of suchchambeigzwith alined ducts `6 in the saddle t5 which lead into thepassages 6?. The outer ends of the. side passages 6@ of the saddle I:open into the bearing apertures ot spaced ears (Seat the outer end otthe saddle and communicate with the alined arcual slots Ta in thepintlesl of the block S. rlthe pintles 7 in reality are defined by atube extending =through the block 8 and which is closed itsends so as toprevent the escape of steam.

The block S is formed with an apertured.

upstanding lug 8 designed to be embraced by the forked end 1()a off asocket member lbf-a pin 9 insertible through lugs t and the forked end1.0L of socket memberl() serving to pivotally connect the two.

The block 8 is therefore journalled in bearing ears 6c for verticalswinging movement to be controlled by the threaded rod 11 which iscarried bythe socket member 10. The operating means for the rod 11 willbe referred to more in detail later on and the thing which must be bornein mind at this timeis that the arcual ,slots in the pintles 7 are soarranged to conduct steam inwardly toward the center tapers gradually ofthe block troni the side passages 6@ of the saddle. The pintles haverather a snug lit in the bearing gears 6 and accordingly there will beno waste or' steam.

" Turning now to Figures 3 and 1t it will be clearly evident that thevpintle 2 has a` central aperture tb which communicates with the tubularextension 8b ot the block 8 which is threaded to receive the internallythreaded end or the upper hair engaging member, which is of tubular formand closed Yat`its outer endf-there being ports 12f'* conimunii eatingoutwardly through the lower half of said member so as to subject thelocks of hair7 which are confined between the members 5 and 12 to theaction of steam from both ot' said members at the saine time so as tosecure the maximum in the way 'ot curling results.

The device includes a pair oit handles gen orally designated at 13, letand which are de# signed to be gripped by the operator Vto supe" portthe appliance when being used. YThe handle 13 comprehends a sleeveportion 132l mounted upon a rod 13b the end oi which is screwedinto thebearing 18C which is fastened to the outer wall oit the barrel 1,'as

shown. rlthe handle 14 also includes a sleeveyV as shown at 14% which islikewise mounted upon a rod 141,. However, the rod 14h is screwed intotheflaterally or rather rearwardly turned socket portion 15ZL of a` yokemember 15 which is inserted through a slot 1" in the' barrel 1 and ismounted for limited longitudinal swinging movement in the chamber 2 bymeans ot a pivot pin 1G extending through bearings 17, which are securedto thebarrel asindicated in Figure 5. Ot course, the slot 1b throughwhich the yoke 15 extends will necessarily be of suiiicient length toallow for the necessary movement of the yoke.

Thisyoke 15 is the member which operates orcontiols the movement ot therod 11 which is connected to the upper hair engaging member 12 throughthe block 8. 'il'he cnd of the rod 11 is formed with a slightly enlargedball portion 11EL which is freely insertible in the intermediateenlarged portion 15c of a, transverse slot 15" opening from the outerside of the remote end et the yoke 15. The ormation of the yoke will bebest understood from Figure Sl. Here it is advisable to point out thatas shown in Figure 3 it is impossible to disengage the spherical end1121 fromthe slot 51?, `15c without hrst disengaging the pivot- 10, 16.1t is pertectly plain from the drawsfr 'esi

lio

ings that `the clearance allowed between the outer tace of the yokeandthe adjacent wall of the chamber 2 is not suiiicient to permit`disengagement ot the part 11g1 from its seat. The connection of therod.11to the yoke 15 is oi? a substantially universal character so thatwhen the handle 14 is manipulated the rod 1 1 will bemoved lengthwisethrough its guide hole 1C inthe end ot barrel 1- to manipulate the upperhair curling member 12. The formainlet vpipe 4, the bight portion oftheyoke passing around the steam inletpipe 4 with` suiiicient clearanceto permit ready manipulation of theyoke.

' Thel rod 11 has a nut 11b fixedly secured thereof sothat the threadedend can be readily screwed into the socket member 10. Of course, thespherical end 112* permits free rotation ofthe rod so that it can bescrewed into 0r out ofsocket member 1() without necessitat` ing itsbeing disconnected from the yoke 15.

' In carrying out the inventionthe strand or portion offa strando'fhai'r'which: is to be c'i'iifled is engaged between the members 12and 5 and thereupon the barrel 1 isgiven a twist of about 360 degrees towind the hair around the members 5,12. A sectional ring 13, the innerperiphery of which is tapered from bot-liv sides, engages in a groove 1dof the l'iai'rel i and serves to rotatably mount thereon the cylindricalcasing 20-which` cncloses .the barrel (i and the haii' engaging members5,

12 along with the operatingrod 11 and aisseciated elements. The purposeof the casing 20 is to prevent the escape of steam and to concentratethe saine upon the hair in addi-k tion avoiding the necessity ofsubjecting the customer to undue heat.

The casing 2O comprises an outershell 21 of bakelite or similar materialand an linner shell 23 of steel or other metal. Interposed betweentlietwo shells 21, 23 is'v av layerV of asbestos 22 or other vinsulatingmaterial the `vobject of which is to prevent the outer shell 21 vfromgetting hot. The casing 2O isfcut awayl to provvide a relativelydeepopening'24,

jas clearly shown in the drawings, landl this is adapted to be closed bymeans of a closure 25 which is liingedly mounted upon the casing, asindicated ,at 26,there being a finger knob 27 and a latch member 28 asshown.V The Y closure 25, as clearly illustrated in Figure 4, isconstructedsimilarly to tlie casing.` 1n order that the strands of hairmay` eX tend,V outwardly lbetween the closure V25 and the wall ofopening 24 without permitting the escape ofstea'iii and also withoutinjuring the hair, .I provide' the opposite edges of the opening 24 withfelt strips 29, which are adapted to partake oflimited transverse slid-Ving movement.betweenv the shell walls 21,

23,-'f`ther'e being/slots in the strips 29 to receive retainingscrews"30 for limitingrpthe movement of the strips. i The strips 29v arebacked byrsprings 31 which bear thereagainst and tend to ,urge the feltstrips into engage- .inent with the asbestos between the steel andVlocked down.

bakelite shell portions' of the kclosure 25. i The ,innerfends of thesprings, of course, bear lagainst the asbestos intermediate layer of thecasing which aifords sufiicientfpurchase `to cause the' springs to urgethe strips to'the position shown'in Figure `4 when'the closure 1 Thehousing 20, at its rear end, has an in- Ward circumferential ridge32to1engage Lthe V-shaped circumferential groove in the back Aof'ring'18 soas to effect a substantial seal to Frointhe foregoing descriptionread in y i connection withvthe accompanying drawings it isbelieved-thatthe construction and advantages of the invention will bereadily understood and appreciated by those skilledv in the art. -Forinstance when itis'desired to insert a wave in merely one lock .orportion of a lock ofVv hair for instance close to the scalp, it isunnecessary to steam or treat the whole strand or lock of'h'airl as iscustomary with other types of apparatus. V'The hair to be curled is, ofvcourse, Vthoroughly washed before-the device is applied andmay also betreated with certain fluids before the' waving operation is begun, but.yinasmuch as such preliminary treatment is oldand well known here.; Y i

Having thus rdescribed my invention, what I claim asV new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is: f' v 1. A device of the class describedcomprising a pair of hair engaging members, one of said hairengagingmembers having a fluid` conduit provided with an-outlet, meansfor' supplying a fluid heating means tojsaid conduit, anda'casingfor-enclosinc said hair ongaging members. v y l 2. A devi `eof thecla-ss described comprising a pair of hair engaging members, vsaid hairengaging members having 'passages ing tliroiigh'said bodyf portion andthreaded n through one end thereof to engagesaid fixed hair vengagingmember to vhold the same assembled with said body portion, and meansfoi" sul'iplyingrffluid to the passages of said memiers.

`4. A device of the'class described comprising a bodypcrtion,cooperating fixed and` movable-hair eiigaging'members having .fluidpassagcways therein, a'fliiid inlet 'pipecxtending Atl'ircugh said bodyportion and threaded through one end thereoffto engage saidA fixed hairengaging member vto hold vthe saniefas'- sembled withV said body.vporti0n,fand said Cir 'les

fixed hair engaging member having means for supplying fluid to saidmovable hair engaging member.

5. A device of the class described comprising cooperating fixed andmovablel hair engaging members, said V-fixed hair engaging member havinga fluid chamber therein` and said movable hair engaging member havingalongitudinal passageway provided with restricted transverse outletmeans there along, means associated with said fixed hair engaging memberfor pivotally mounting the movable hair engaging member-thereon,and saidpivot means having a ductcommunicating with said fluid chamber andpassageway. Y A

6. 'A device of the class described compris- .ing a body portion,cooperating fixed and movable hair engaging members,'having fluidpassageways therein, a fluid inlet pipe extending through said bodyportion and threaded through. one end thereof, said fixed hair engagingmember having a chambered end with which its fluid passagewaycommunicates, the threaded end of said inlet pipe engaging internalthreads in said chamber whereby to hold said fixed member and bodyportion connected, means for pivotally` mounting said movable hairengaging `member upon said fixedhair engaging member, and said mountingmeans having fluid passageways communicating with the fluid passagewayofsaid movable hair engaging member, and said hair engaging'men'ibershaving transverse ports eoii'iinunicating with the fluid passagewaysthereof.

7 .l A device of the class described compris- 'inga body portion,cooperating fixed and movable hair engaging members having fiuidpassageways therein, a fluid inlet pipe communicating through said bodyportion and threaded through one end thereof, said fixed hair engagingmember having a chambered end into which said fluid inlet pipe isthreaded to `attach the saine toV said body portion, .a saddledetachablysecured to said fixed hair engaging member and to which saidother hair engaging member is pivoted, the chambered end of said fixedhair engaging inembei' having a fluid passagewaycommunicating with thefluid passageway of said fixed hair engaging member, said saddle havingafluid passageway communicating with said movable hair engaging memberthrough its pivot pointv and communicating withY the `chamber-ed end ofsaid fixed hair engaging member, and means for actuating said movablehair engaging member to effective engagement with said fixed hairengaginginem! ber.

8. A device of the class described comprising a movable hair engagingmember having a fluid-passageway, a fixed hair engaging member having afluid inlet chamber and a l*passageway Communicating therefrom, saidfixed hair engaging member having a second fluid 'passagewayleading fromsaid chamber,

means including a pivot pin for pivotally mounting said movable hairengaging membei' upon said fixed hair engaging member, said pivot pinbeing hollow and communieating with the second mentioned passageway ofsaid fixed hairengaging member and with the fluid passageway of saidmovable hair engaging member.

9. A hair curling device comprising a chan'ibered body portion,cooperating xed and movable hair engaging'members, a fluid inlet pipeextending through said chanibered body portion and threaded through oneend thereof, said fixed haii' enga ging member having a chambered endinto which the end of said pipe is threaded whereby to support saidfixed haii' engaging member upon said body portion, said fixed hairengaging member having a longitudinal passageway communicating with thechambered end of said inember, a saddle detachably secured upon the endof said fixed hair engaging member adjacent said body portion, opposedears at one end of said saddle, said saddle having passagewayscommunicating with the chambei'ed end of said fixed hair engagingmember, a hollow pin closed at its ends and Journalled in said saddleears and through the end of said movable hair engaging member forpivotally mounting the saine upon said saddle and sageways of saidsaddle coii'imiinicating with the interior of said pivot pin and themovable hair engaging member havingv a passageway communicating with theinterior olf said pivot pin whereby fluid can pass from the chamberedend of said fixed'hair engaging member vthrough said saddle passagewaysand pivot pin into the passageway of said movable hair engaging member,operating' means secured to said movable'hair eiigagingmember, a handlen'iovably mounted upon said body portion and having a portion extendinginto the chamber of said body portion and engaging said operating membertherein whereby said movable hair engaging member can be actuated to andfrom cooperative engagement with said fixed hair engaging member.

. l0.V A device of the class described comprising a body portion havinga fluid chamber having a fluid inlet, cooperating fixed and movablehair'engaging members, one of said members having a longitudinalpassageway communicating with said chamber, said passageway havingltransverse ports leading therefrom, and operating means forfsaidmovable hair engaging member.

said fixed hair engagingmember, the pasl lll) 11. A device of the class.describedcomprisiso having a longitudinal Huid passageway therethrough,said tixedhair engagingmember having means to supply the tluid from its`to the passagot said pivoted w-z 'ot said hair ent en municating with'their geways to permit the tiuid to escape therefrom, a closuri;1removably carried by said body portion, and a fluid outlet pipeassociated with said closure.

12. A device ot the class described comprising a body portieri, a liXedhair engaging member supported thereby and having a fluid inlet chamberand a longitudinal passageway communicating with said chamber, a secondhair engaging member pivotally mounted luponsaid first hairengaginginember and having a longitudinal fluid passagewayt-herethrough, said iedhair engaging member having meansto'supply theluid from its 'chamber to the passageway ot said pivoted hair engagingmember, each of said hair engaging members having transverse portscommunicating with their fluid passageways to permit the fluid to escapetherefrom, and a closure removably carried by said body por,- tion. 13.In a device ot the class described havingl a pair ot hair engagingelements and a body portion for supporting the same, a housing securedto said body portion and enclosing said hair engaging members, saidhousing comprising spaced inner and outer shell members, and insulatingmaterial disposed. between said shell members.

14. In a device of the class described comprising a. body portion, and apair of hair engaging members carried by said body'portion, an insulatedhousing open at one end and insertible over said body portion to enclosesaid hair engaging members, and attaching 1 means for said housingassociated therewith and with said body portion tor sealing the open endot said housing.

15. In a device of the class described comprising a body portion, and apair ot hair engaging members carried by said body portion. aninsulatedhousing open at one end and insertible over said body portion to enclosesaid hair engaginajfmembers, and attaching means for said housingassociated therewith and with said. body portion for sealing the openend of said housing, and said housing comprising an inner and outershell,

yand insulating material disposed betweenl said shells. j

16. In a device ot the class described comprising a body portion.y and apair of hair engaging members carried by said body portion, an insulatedhousing` open at one end and insertible over said body portion toenclose said hair engaging taching means tor saidhousing associatedtherewith. and with said body portion for sealing the open end of saidhousing comprisiorts commembers, at-

ing inner and outer shells and beingr .cylindrical in form, said housinghaving a portion ot its walls cut away to provide an opening whereby thehair can vbe engaged with `said hair engaging members, a closure torsaid opening.comprising inner and outer spaced plates, insulatingmaterialinterposed between said plates and terminating short of the sidev edges thereof to provide a space between said plates, the insulatingmaterial bctween'th-e ly ot lsaid Vhousing between theedges ot'sa'idclosure and/an opening.. ,4 i l j p 17. In a device ofthe classdescribed cornprisinga body portion, and a pair of hair engagingmem-bers carried by saidbody portion, an insulating housing open at oneend and insertible over said body portion to enclose said hair engagingmembers, and at-` taching means tor-.said housing associated.

therewith and with lsaidbody "portion for sealing the open end ot saidhousing comprising` inner and outer shells and'being cylindricalinform,- said housing having a portion ot' its wall cut away to provide anopening whereby the hair can be engaged with said hair engaging members,a closure for said opening comprising inner and outer spaced plates,`insulating material interposed between said plates and terminating shortof the side edges thereof to provide a space be.

tween said plates, the insulating material between t-he shells of saidhousing and adjacent the edges of said opening being spaced from saidedges, strips ot relatively soit material disposed in said spaces andbetween the plates of said housing, yielding means for urging saidstrips beyond the edges of said opening whereby they will be engagedbetween the plates of said closure when the. same' is in place so as toprevent injury to the hair extending outwardly ot said housing betweenthe edges of said closure and said strips having transverse slots, andpins extending through said housing shells and strip slots to securesaid strips between the said housing shells for movement under theinfluence of said spring. l

18. In a device ot the class described, a chambered body portion,cooperable fixed and movable hair engaging members carried by said bodyportion, a control elementextending `from saidmovable hair engagingmember and into the chamber of said body portion, a control handlepivoted to said body portion and having a yoke-like extension extendinginto said body portion chamber, said control element having a sphericalend and 4the yolre portion having a centrally enlarged edge groove toreceive said spherical end.

19. A device of the class described comprising a pair of hair engagingmembers, one of said engaging members having a fluid conduit providedwith an outlet, means for supplying a fluid heating means to saidconduit, a casing for enclosing said hair engaging members, said casinghaving an opening, a closure for said opening and the. contactingportions oi' said closure and opening having coacting sealing portionsof relatively yieldable material. l

20. A device of the class described comprising a pair of hair engagingmembers, one of said haii' engaging members having a liiid conduitprovided with an outlet, means for supplying a fluid heating means tosaidconduit, a casing ior enclosing said hair engag-V ing members, saidcasing having an opening to receive said hair engaging members, and oneof said hair'engaging members having sealing means cooperating with aportion of said casing for sealing said opening when the members areWithin the casing.

21. A device of the class described comprising a pair of hair engagingmembers, one of said hair engaging members having a iuid conduitprovided with an outlet, means for supplying a fluid heating means, tosaid conduit, a casing for enclosing said hair engaging members,saidcasing having an opening' Vcasing 'or sealingosaid opening When the saidcasing members are Within the casing, having a second opening throughWhich the hair extends, a closure for Vsaid second opening and meansassociated with the contacting portions or" said closure and casing forsealing the opening protecting the hair from injury When the closure isclosed. 22. A device ofthe class described compri@- ing a pair or" hairengaging members, one ol said haii' engaging members having a fluidconduit provided with an outlet means for supplying a fluid heatingmeans to said con'- duit, arcasing for enclosing said hair engagingmembers, said casing having' an opening to receive said hair engagingmembers, oneV or said hair engaging' members having sealing meanscooperating With a portion of said casing for sealing said opening Whenthe inembers are Within the casing and the sealing means of said hairengaging member having a Huid outlet port comnjiunicatiiig With theinterior of said casing.

In testimonyvwhereof I aliixmy signature.

FRANCIS M. ilirriin.

